Theories of Workplace Motivation

Theories of Workplace Motivation Crystal Mullen I find myself interested in the concept of motivation. What is that motivates people get up and do an honest day’s work versus wasting that same day lying in bed watching the Lifetime Movie Channel? Why is one person motivated simply to make a paycheck while someone else is driven to take charge of their own business? As it turns, out, scientists and psychologists have been asking these same type of questions regarding for centuries. As a result we have received many theories from different scientific, psychological perspectives that offer explanations for where our motivation originates and even suggestions on how to how to increase it. Understanding four of the most common motivation theories can be especially useful as it pertains to the workplace (Anderson, 2014). Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs One of the most well-known motivational theories came from Abraham Maslow. Maslow created a theory that suggested that humans are motivated by a hierarchy of needs that leads them to take actions in a particular order based on that person’s need for survival. Furthermore Maslow’s theory purposed that human beings must fulfill their needs in a lower category before attempting to fulfill needs in a higher category. Maslow’s order of needs are: physiological, safety, love and affection, esteem and self-actualization (which involves clarity or an achievement of personal goals) (Anderson, 2014). If I were to identify any of Maslow’s five needs, in the work place, I would need to see what it is that is motivating a person’s actions. For example, a worker is only motivated by physiological and safety when they are worker is motivated simply by a need for a paycheck, and a means to keep a roof over their head and gas in their car. Furthermore, I can tell if a worker is motivated by love and affection, esteem, and self-actualization if they derive more joy and fulfillment from all aspects of their work-life on, whether it would be making their work deadlines to taking parting in a company-wide community project. (An eHow Contributor, 2014). The Two-Factor Theory Frederick Herzberg’s created a two-factor theory that can explain workplace motivational tendencies. According to Herzberg, the two consistent factors that play into workplace motivation, are hygiene and motivators. Hygiene involves factors that are needed it remain present and active in order to ensure workplace satisfaction. These factors include a fair paycheck, a stable work environment, and even a level of supervision. Motivators involve factors, that if present, increases workplace satisfaction but does not diminish workplace satisfaction levels if absent. Examples of motivators include recognition of abilities, a sense of personal achievement, or even the overall nature of their job (Anderson, 2014). If I were to observe Herzberg’s Two-Factor theory, I would need to determine if a worker’s actions are motivated by either the fulfillment of his or her needs or by the avoidance of undesirable factors. Under the two-factor theory, if a worker is striving for positive rewards, such as a pay raise, he or she may be motivated by motivators. However, if that same worker is motivated by avoiding avoid negative feedback, such as a being written up in his or her review, then that person is motivated by hygiene (An eHow Contributor, 2014). McClelland’s Theory of Needs David McClelland’s developed a motivational theory of needs that although similar to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs but instead suggests that an individual’s needs are usually shaped by his or her life experiences over a period of time. McClelland’s motivational theory lists three different types of motivation styles: high achievement needs, affiliation needs, and a need for power. People who are motivated by high achievement are driven to excel at everything they attempt and seem to enjoy high-risk situations. Individuals motivated by a need for high achievers would serve an organization best being given challenging projects that have clear goals and are given constant feedback. Workers who are motivated by a need affiliation are most content in harmonious workplace environments that provide amiable relationships with their superiors and coworkers. These individuals work best in teams or groups that are supportive of each other. Finally, workers who are moti vated by a need for power excel when they are able to direct and organize others for either their own personal goals or for their company. Individuals who are motived by a need for power are best suited for management positions (Anderson, 2014). Expectancy Theory Victor Vrom’s motivational theory actually uses Herzberg’s two-factor theory to challenge the various workplace hygiene factors that do not always result in employee satisfaction and increased productivity. These employees however, will only increase their productivity if they believe their service is directly related to them achieving their own goals. Furthermore, contrary to Herzberg’s theory, Vrom’s motivational theory, suggests that motivators are completely essential to a worker’s increased productivity (Anderson, 2014). Identifying Vrom’s expectancy theory a worker’s actions and motivations happens to be the trickiest of the four motivational theories listed. For example, a worker who is motivated by a need for promotion in her workplace may actually be motivated not for the benefit of the company he or she works for but for his or her own personal desire to buy a new car or home. In fact, in some cases, a worker’s personal goals may actually result in lower productivity rather than instead of higher. For example, if a worker, is motivated by the need for less time, then at work and more time at home, he or she may decline career advancement opportunities in order to maintain a position with less responsibility. (An eHow Contributor, 2014). Conclusion Based on what I’ve read, I can see how all four of these motivational theories can be useful in the workplace. I can see how I’ve used Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs were in place when I took that second job at McDonald’s just to make sure I had enough money for rent. This would suggest I was motivated by physiological and safety needs. I’ve also noticed my own motivation to sharply decline at a job if Herzberg’s two-factor theory if I’m working in a volatile workplace environment. This suggests that they company’s hygiene factors are low and hampers job satisfaction. Furthermore, I can understand now why I do enjoy working in a group of supportive co-workers. Based on McClelland’s theory, this motivation speaks to my need for affiliation. Finally, based on Vrom’s theory of expectancy, I can identify with the individual’s personal goals actually decreasing their desire to advance within the company. I have also had my desire to for more time with my studies to keep me away from taking more overtime or working Saturdays. Therefore, motivational theories can be very instrumental to recruiting and maintaining the best people in any organization. References: An eHow Contributor. (2014). How to Identify the Four Theories of Work Motivation. Retrieved May 17, 2014, from eHow.com: http://www.ehow.com/how_5002492_identify-four-theories-work-motivation.html Anderson, E. (2014). Four Main Theories of Motivation. Retrieved May 17, 2014, from eHow.com: http://www.ehow.com/list_6737018_four-main-theories-motivation.html

Van Houten

At the beginning of the novel, Hazel, the protagonist cancer patient, believes van Houten to be such a genius as only could write the book that she loves; however, this turns out to be untrue. He Is a fat, sad old man who finds his few comforts In alcohol and insulting teenagers. Hazel gets to know van Houten as a â€Å"miserable [creature] who [scours] the earth In search of something to hurt† (277) when she finds In Amsterdam. He is not only someone apparently incapable of loving, but also only capable of damaging whatever he comes in contact with.How did this happen? Van Houten was torn apart when his daughter died. This drove him to become the kind of man that he Is in the novel, but Peter van Houten â€Å"was insufferable long efore [he] lost [his daughter]† (286), meaning that his daughter's death was simply the unveiling of a man who was always a lost cause. In other words, this â€Å"grief [did] not change [van Houten]. It revealed [him]. † (286) In this way, his daughter turned him into the man he is.Though he became this sad old man through the loss of his daughter he did not completely turn sour. When, for a second, it looked as though van Houten would â€Å"leave [his bottle] on the curb,† (287) Hazel thought he might give up drinking and become the author she wanted him to be. Though he chooses not give up his life tyle, It becomes apparent that he is Indeed trying when he says: â€Å"I'm trying, swear. † (285) This shows the reader that he is not completely lost.Through the many views of him seen in the novel, it is shown that Peter van Houten Is a mean man, but he Isnt a bad man. He tries to become better; he tries to overcome the weight that he carries through his life in the form of his daughter's death. Whatever he will become, he Is yet another side-effect of his daughters death. Essay on Van Houten By rootcanal Fault in Our Stars, be remembered; Villain or Victim? He is portrayed throughout the Unfortunatel y, the answer is not so black and white.Peter van Houten is simply a turns out to be untrue. He is a fat, sad old man who finds his few comforts in alcohol who [scours] the earth in search of something to hurt† (277) when she finds in kind of man that he is in the novel, but Peter van Houten â€Å"was insufferable long style, it becomes apparent that he is indeed trying when he says: â€Å"I'm trying, I Houten is a mean man, but he isn't a bad man. He tries to become better; he tries to death. Whatever he will become, he is yet another side-effect of his daughter's death.

Lies Youve Been Told About Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6

Lies You've Been Told About Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6 The Chronicles of Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6 Small manufacturers that are dealing with high taxed material have a tendency to get it from unregistered vendors to evade high taxes. GST will definitely raise the number of taxpayers, which will consequently help to decrease the tax rates as more individuals are paying taxes. Hopefully, the GST regime has the ability to revive the financial growth. GST regime that was planned to raise the pace of financial growth is at present roadblocks to different stakeholders. You may also find many discounts on our site which will help you to save some more money for future orders or anything you want to spend them on. Republic Day is very much vital for people of India because it plays an extremely considerable part in the development of the nation. The government made the procedure on the internet to make it simple for companies to file tax. On 1st July the government of India announced a new means of tax payment that is GST which will produce the procedure for tax collection simple when compared with the preceding tax system. There are lots of girls but ayesha is my finest friends. The tables and chairs are extremely comfortable. Friendship is among the precious gifts of god. Real friendship is similar to a diamond, it's rare and precious. Ok, I Think I Understand Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6, Now Tell Me About Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6! Trade Facilitation is a significant component of AAGC Framework. Reading Republic Day Essays 2019 is also quite much informative for everybody. Freedom includes responsibility 5. It's celebrated on exactly the same day every calendar year, and the President of India has a massive part to play in it. In questions requiring word limit, zero marks should be deducted for exceeding the term limit. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you wind up getting a great grade. The sole technical person who has good knowledge can fix this error. Find more information about the case here. There's, obviously, a limit on the range of pages even our very best writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but usually, we figure out how to satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. Whenever you opt to ask us for skilled guidance, don't hesitate to speak to our support managers. Even in the event the deadline is actually tight, feel free to get hold of our managers. The demand for making a sustainable future 3. Ruthless Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6 Strategies Exploited Convenience was the key goal as soon as the Kilt Kit was designed. Need of Computer Literacy in the present age. Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6 - the Conspiracy The SSC MTS Descriptive Paper will be run soon. Get prepared to answer all these aspects if in the event you get this subject in the XAT Essay. Make sure you write atleast one essay or one letter daily to raise your speed. So, it's important to compose an introduction with clarity. An individual can also apply these sentences for speech preparation. The majority of our relatives are educated. It has a number of cultures and traditions. In cricket, two forms of matches are played. One is the test match and the other one is the 1 day match. Finding the Best Hindi Essay Topics for Class 6 Creative Essay writing is currently recognized among the most useful activity for kids for their general personality development. Likewise the art of novel depends on the story line and the surprise and suspense a story creates. A novel could be realistic based on real-life incidents or fictitious. They don't have time to analyse novels. Adults be sure you send their pals and family different pictures and posts on Republic Day and that's the way that they celebrate this exceptional moment. Individuals also roast green barley wit hin it. However, this color is best worn while the weather is warm. However, you can be certain that you're getting a fine work for the price tag you're paying. The floor of the room is made from chips. Imagine the simplicity and convenience of having all your kilts and accessories in 1 place.

Admiral Barbarossa of the Ottoman Empire

He began his naval career as a Barbary pirate, alongside his brothers, raiding Christian coastal villages and seizing ships across the Mediterranean. Khair-ed-Din, also known as Hayreddin Barbarossa, was so successful as a corsair that he managed to become the ruler of Algiers, and then the chief admiral of the Ottoman Turkish navy under Suleiman the Magnificent. Barbarossa started life as a simple potters son and rose to lasting piratical fame. Early Life Khair-ed-Din was born sometime in the late 1470s or early 1480s in the village of Palaiokipos, on the Ottoman-controlled Greek island of Midilli. His mother Katerina was likely a Greek Christian, while his father Yakup is of uncertain ethnicity - different sources state that he was Turkish, Greek, or Albanian. In any case, Khair was the third of their four sons. Yakup was a potter, who purchased a boat to help him sell his goods all around the island and beyond. His sons all learned to sail as part of the family business. As young men, sons Ilyas and Aruj operated their fathers boat, while Khair bought a ship of his own; they all began operating as privateers in the Mediterranean.   Between 1504 and 1510, Aruj used his fleet of ships to help ferry Moorish Muslim refugees from Spain to North Africa after the Christian Reconquista and the fall of Granada. The refugees referred to him as Baba Aruj or Father Aruj, but Christians heard the name as Barbarossa, which is Italian for Redbeard.  As it happened, Aruj and Khair both had red beards, so the western nickname stuck.   In 1516, Khair and his older brother Aruj led a sea and land invasion of Algiers, then under Spanish domination. The local amir, Salim al-Tumi, had invited them to come and free his city, with assistance from the Ottoman Empire. The brothers defeated the Spanish and drove them from the city, and then assassinated the amir.   Aruj took power as the new Sultan of Algiers, but his position was not secure. He accepted an offer from the Ottoman sultan Selim I to make Algiers part of the Ottoman Empire; Aruj became the Bey of Algiers, a tributary ruler under Istanbuls control. The Spanish killed Aruj in 1518, however, at the capture of Tlemcen, and Khair took on both the beyship of Algiers and the nickname Barbarossa.   Bey of Algiers In 1520, Sultan Selim I died and a new sultan took the Ottoman throne. He was Suleiman, called The Lawgiver in Turkey and The Magnificent by Europeans. In return for Ottoman protection from Spain, Barbarossa offered Suleiman the use of his pirate fleet. The new bey was an organizational mastermind, and soon Algiers was the center of privateer activity for all of North Africa. Barbarossa became the de facto ruler of all the so-called Barbary pirates  and began to build up a significant land-based army as well. Barbarossas fleet captured a number of Spanish ships returning from the Americas laden with gold. It also raided coastal Spain, Italy, and France, carrying off loot and also Christians who would be sold as slaves. In 1522, Barbarossas ships assisted in the Ottoman conquest of the island of Rhodes, which had been a stronghold for the troublesome Knights of St. John, also called Knights Hospitaller, an order left over from the Crusades. In the fall of 1529, Barbarossa helped an additional 70,000 Moors flee from Andalusia, southern Spain, which was in the grips of the Spanish Inquisition. Throughout the 1530s, Barbarossa continued to capture Christian shipping, seize towns, and raid Christian settlements all around the Mediterranean. In 1534, his ships sailed right up to the River Tiber, causing panic in Rome. To answer the threat he posed, Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire appointed famed Genoese admiral Andrea Doria, who began to capture Ottoman towns along the southern Greek coast. Barbarossa responded in 1537 by seizing a number of Venetian-controlled islands for Istanbul.   Events came to a head in 1538.  Pope Paul III organized a Holy League made up of the Papal States, Spain, the Knights of Malta, and the Republics of Genoa and Venice. Together, they assembled a fleet of 157 galleys under Andrea Dorias command, with the mission of defeating Barbarossa and the Ottoman fleet. Barbarossa had just 122 galleys when the two forces met off of Preveza. The Battle of Preveza, on September 28, 1538, was a smashing victory for Hayreddin Barbarossa.  Despite their smaller numbers, the Ottoman fleet took the offensive and crashed through Dorias attempt at encirclement. The Ottomans sank ten of the Holy Leagues ships, captured 36 more, and burned three, without losing a single ship themselves. They also captured about 3,000 Christian sailors, at a cost of 400 Turkish dead and 800 wounded. The following day, despite urging from the other captains to stay and fight, Doria ordered the survivors of the Holy Leagues fleet to withdraw. Barbarossa continued on to Istanbul, where Suleiman received him at the Topkapi Palace and promoted him to Kapudan-i Derya or Grand Admiral of the Ottoman Navy, and Beylerbey or Governor of governors of Ottoman North Africa.  Suleiman also gave Barbarossa the governorship of Rhodes, fittingly enough. The Grand Admiral The victory at Preveza gave the Ottoman Empire dominance in the Mediterranean Sea that lasted for more than thirty years. Barbarossa took advantage of that dominance to clear all of the islands in the Aegean and Ionian Seas of Christian fortifications. Venice sued for peace in October of 1540, acknowledging Ottoman suzerainty over those lands and paying war indemnities. The Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, tried in 1540 to tempt Barbarossa to become the top admiral of his fleet, but Barbarossa was not willing to be recruited. Charles personally led a siege on Algiers the following fall, but stormy weather and Barbarossas formidable defenses wreaked havoc on the Holy Roman fleet  and sent them sailing for home. This attack on his home base led Barbarossa to adopt an even more aggressive stance, raiding throughout the western Mediterranean Sea. The Ottoman Empire was allied with France by this time, in what the other Christian nations called The Unholy Alliance, working in opposition to Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Barbarossa and his ships defended southern France from Spanish attack several times between 1540 and 1544. He also made a number of daring raids on Italy. The Ottoman fleet was recalled in 1544  when Suleiman and Charles V reached a truce.  In 1545, Barbarossa went on his last expedition, sailing to raid the Spanish mainland and offshore islands. Death and Legacy The great Ottoman admiral retired to his palace in Istanbul in 1545, after appointing his son to rule Algiers. As a retirement project, Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha dictated his memoirs in five, hand-written volumes. Barbarossa died in 1546.  He is buried on the European side of the Bosporus Straits. His statue, which stands next to his mausoleum, includes this verse: Whence on the seas horizon comes that roar? / Can it be Barbarossa now returning / From Tunis or Algiers or from the isles? / Two hundred ships ride on the waves / Coming from lands the rising crescent lights / O blessed ships, from what seas are you come? Hayreddin Barbarossa left behind a great Ottoman navy, which continued to support the empires great power status for centuries to come. It stood as a monument to his skills in organization and administration, as well as naval warfare. Indeed, in the years following his death, the Ottoman navy ventured out into the Atlantic and into the Indian Ocean to project Turkish power in distant lands.